Facilitation of signal alignment for 5g or other next generation network

ABSTRACT

To facilitate signal alignment for an integrated access backhaul (IAB) node, a system can determine a subset of beams that can be used for communication transmissions. Based on a signal quality associated with the subset of beams, the system can indicate that the subset of beams is to be used for the communication transmission. Consequently, the subset of the beams or another subset of the subset of the beams can be utilized for the communication transmission based on the signal quality of the beams.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a U.S. Non-Provisional Patent Application thatclaims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Patent ApplicationNo. 62/738,536, filed Sep. 28, 2018 and titled “FACILITATION OF SIGNALALIGNMENT FOR 5G OR OTHER NEXT GENERATION NETWORK”, the entirety ofwhich application is incorporated herein by reference.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates generally to facilitating signal alignment. Forexample, this disclosure relates to utilizing transmission beam sweepingto facilitate signal alignment for a 5G, or other next generationnetwork.

BACKGROUND

5th generation (5G) wireless systems represent a next major phase ofmobile telecommunications standards beyond the currenttelecommunications standards of 4^(th) generation (4G). Rather thanfaster peak Internet connection speeds, 5G planning aims at highercapacity than current 4G, allowing a higher number of mobile broadbandusers per area unit, and allowing consumption of higher or unlimiteddata quantities. This would enable a large portion of the population tostream high-definition media many hours per day with their mobiledevices, when out of reach of wireless fidelity hotspots. 5G researchand development also aims at improved support of machine-to-machinecommunication, also known as the Internet of things, aiming at lowercost, lower battery consumption, and lower latency than 4G equipment.

The above-described background relating to facilitating signal alignmentis merely intended to provide a contextual overview of some currentissues, and is not intended to be exhaustive. Other contextualinformation may become further apparent upon review of the followingdetailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Non-limiting and non-exhaustive embodiments of the subject disclosureare described with reference to the following figures, wherein likereference numerals refer to like parts throughout the various viewsunless otherwise specified.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless communication system in which anetwork node device (e.g., network node) and user equipment (UE) canimplement various aspects and embodiments of the subject disclosure.

FIG. 2 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram of amessage sequence chart between a network node and UE according to one ormore embodiments.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram of anintegrated access backhaul link according to one or more embodiments.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example schematic system block diagram of anintegrated access backhaul link node protocol stack according to one ormore embodiments.

FIG. 5 illustrates an example flow diagram for a method for facilitationof signal alignment.

FIG. 6 illustrates an example flow diagram for a method for facilitationof signal alignment.

FIG. 7 illustrates an example flow diagram for a system for facilitationof signal alignment.

FIG. 8 illustrates an example flow diagram for a system for facilitationof signal alignment.

FIG. 9 illustrates an example flow diagram for a machine-readable mediumfor facilitation of signal alignment.

FIG. 10 illustrates an example flow diagram for a machine-readablemedium for facilitation of signal alignment.

FIG. 11 illustrates an example block diagram of an example mobilehandset operable to engage in a system architecture that facilitatessecure wireless communication according to one or more embodimentsdescribed herein.

FIG. 12 illustrates an example block diagram of an example computeroperable to engage in a system architecture that facilitates securewireless communication according to one or more embodiments describedherein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth toprovide a thorough understanding of various embodiments. One skilled inthe relevant art will recognize, however, that the techniques describedherein can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, orwith other methods, components, materials, etc. In other instances,well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown ordescribed in detail to avoid obscuring certain aspects.

Reference throughout this specification to “one embodiment,” or “anembodiment,” means that a particular feature, structure, orcharacteristic described in connection with the embodiment is includedin at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of the phrase “in oneembodiment,” “in one aspect,” or “in an embodiment,” in various placesthroughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to thesame embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, orcharacteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or moreembodiments.

As utilized herein, terms “component,” “system,” “interface,” and thelike are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, hardware,software (e.g., in execution), and/or firmware. For example, a componentcan be a processor, a process running on a processor, an object, anexecutable, a program, a storage device, and/or a computer. By way ofillustration, an application running on a server and the server can be acomponent. One or more components can reside within a process, and acomponent can be localized on one computer and/or distributed betweentwo or more computers.

Further, these components can execute from various machine-readablemedia having various data structures stored thereon. The components cancommunicate via local and/or remote processes such as in accordance witha signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one componentinteracting with another component in a local system, distributedsystem, and/or across a network, e.g., the Internet, a local areanetwork, a wide area network, etc. with other systems via the signal).

As another example, a component can be an apparatus with specificfunctionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric orelectronic circuitry; the electric or electronic circuitry can beoperated by a software application or a firmware application executed byone or more processors; the one or more processors can be internal orexternal to the apparatus and can execute at least a part of thesoftware or firmware application. As yet another example, a componentcan be an apparatus that provides specific functionality throughelectronic components without mechanical parts; the electroniccomponents can include one or more processors therein to executesoftware and/or firmware that confer(s), at least in part, thefunctionality of the electronic components. In an aspect, a componentcan emulate an electronic component via a virtual machine, e.g., withina cloud computing system.

The words “exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” are used herein to meanserving as an example, instance, or illustration. For the avoidance ofdoubt, the subject matter disclosed herein is not limited by suchexamples. In addition, any aspect or design described herein as“exemplary” and/or “demonstrative” is not necessarily to be construed aspreferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs, nor is it meantto preclude equivalent exemplary structures and techniques known tothose of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, to the extent that theterms “includes,” “has,” “contains,” and other similar words are used ineither the detailed description or the claims, such terms are intendedto be inclusive—in a manner similar to the term “comprising” as an opentransition word—without precluding any additional or other elements.

As used herein, the term “infer” or “inference” refers generally to theprocess of reasoning about, or inferring states of, the system,environment, user, and/or intent from a set of observations as capturedvia events and/or data. Captured data and events can include user data,device data, environment data, data from sensors, sensor data,application data, implicit data, explicit data, etc. Inference can beemployed to identify a specific context or action, or can generate aprobability distribution over states of interest based on aconsideration of data and events, for example.

Inference can also refer to techniques employed for composinghigher-level events from a set of events and/or data. Such inferenceresults in the construction of new events or actions from a set ofobserved events and/or stored event data, whether the events arecorrelated in close temporal proximity, and whether the events and datacome from one or several event and data sources. Various classificationschemes and/or systems (e.g., support vector machines, neural networks,expert systems, Bayesian belief networks, fuzzy logic, and data fusionengines) can be employed in connection with performing automatic and/orinferred action in connection with the disclosed subject matter.

In addition, the disclosed subject matter can be implemented as amethod, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programmingand/or engineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware,or any combination thereof to control a computer to implement thedisclosed subject matter. The term “article of manufacture” as usedherein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from anycomputer-readable device, machine-readable device, computer-readablecarrier, computer-readable media, or machine-readable media. Forexample, computer-readable media can include, but are not limited to, amagnetic storage device, e.g., hard disk; floppy disk; magneticstrip(s); an optical disk (e.g., compact disk (CD), a digital video disc(DVD), a Blu-ray Disc™ (BD)); a smart card; a flash memory device (e.g.,card, stick, key drive); and/or a virtual device that emulates a storagedevice and/or any of the above computer-readable media.

As an overview, various embodiments are described herein to facilitatesignal alignment for a 5G or other next generation networks. Forsimplicity of explanation, the methods (or algorithms) are depicted anddescribed as a series of acts. It is to be understood and appreciatedthat the various embodiments are not limited by the acts illustratedand/or by the order of acts. For example, acts can occur in variousorders and/or concurrently, and with other acts not presented ordescribed herein. Furthermore, not all illustrated acts may be requiredto implement the methods. In addition, the methods could alternativelybe represented as a series of interrelated states via a state diagram orevents. Additionally, the methods described hereafter are capable ofbeing stored on an article of manufacture (e.g., a machine-readablestorage medium) to facilitate transporting and transferring suchmethodologies to computers. The term article of manufacture, as usedherein, is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from anycomputer-readable device, carrier, or media, including a non-transitorymachine-readable storage medium.

It should be noted that although various aspects and embodiments havebeen described herein in the context of 5G, Universal MobileTelecommunications System (UMTS), and/or Long Term Evolution (LTE), orother next generation networks, the disclosed aspects are not limited to5G, a UMTS implementation, and/or an LTE implementation as thetechniques can also be applied in 3G, 4G or LTE systems. For example,aspects or features of the disclosed embodiments can be exploited insubstantially any wireless communication technology. Such wirelesscommunication technologies can include UMTS, Code Division MultipleAccess (CDMA), Wi-Fi, Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access(WiMAX), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced GPRS, ThirdGeneration Partnership Project (3GPP), LTE, Third Generation PartnershipProject 2 (3GPP2) Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), High Speed Packet Access(HSPA), Evolved High Speed Packet Access (HSPA+), High-Speed DownlinkPacket Access (HSDPA), High-Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), Zigbee,or another IEEE 802.XX technology. Additionally, substantially allaspects disclosed herein can be exploited in legacy telecommunicationtechnologies.

Described herein are systems, methods, articles of manufacture, andother embodiments or implementations that can facilitate signalalignment for a 5G network. Facilitating signal alignment for a 5Gnetwork can be implemented in connection with any type of device with aconnection to the communications network (e.g., a mobile handset, acomputer, a handheld device, etc.) any Internet of things (TOT) device(e.g., toaster, coffee maker, blinds, music players, speakers, etc.),and/or any connected vehicles (cars, airplanes, space rockets, and/orother at least partially automated vehicles (e.g., drones)). In someembodiments the non-limiting term user equipment (UE) is used. It canrefer to any type of wireless device that communicates with a radionetwork node in a cellular or mobile communication system. Examples ofUE are target device, device to device (D2D) UE, machine type UE or UEcapable of machine to machine (M2M) communication, PDA, Tablet, mobileterminals, smart phone, laptop embedded equipped (LEE), laptop mountedequipment (LME), USB dongles etc. Note that the terms element, elementsand antenna ports can be interchangeably used but carry the same meaningin this disclosure. The embodiments are applicable to single carrier aswell as to multicarrier (MC) or carrier aggregation (CA) operation ofthe UE. The term carrier aggregation (CA) is also called (e.g.interchangeably called) “multi-carrier system”, “multi-cell operation”,“multi-carrier operation”, “multi-carrier” transmission and/orreception.

In some embodiments the non-limiting term radio network node or simplynetwork node is used. It can refer to any type of network node thatserves UE is connected to other network nodes or network elements or anyradio node from where UE receives a signal. Examples of radio networknodes are Node B (NB), base station (BS), multi-standard radio (MSR)node such as MSR BS, eNode B, network controller, radio networkcontroller (RNC), base station controller (BSC), relay, donor nodecontrolling relay, base transceiver station (BTS), access point (AP),transmission points, transmission nodes, RRU, RRH, nodes in distributedantenna system (DAS) etc.

Cloud radio access networks (RAN) can enable the implementation ofconcepts such as software-defined network (SDN) and network functionvirtualization (NFV) in 5G networks. This disclosure can facilitate ageneric channel state information framework design for a 5G network.Certain embodiments of this disclosure can comprise an SDN controllerthat can control routing of traffic within the network and between thenetwork and traffic destinations. The SDN controller can be merged withthe 5G network architecture to enable service deliveries via openapplication programming interfaces (“APIs”) and move the network coretowards an all internet protocol (“IP”), cloud based, and softwaredriven telecommunications network. The SDN controller can work with, ortake the place of policy and charging rules function (“PCRF”) networkelements so that policies such as quality of service and trafficmanagement and routing can be synchronized and managed end to end.

To meet the huge demand for data centric applications, 4G standards canbe applied 5G, also called new radio (NR) access. 5G networks cancomprise the following: data rates of several tens of megabits persecond supported for tens of thousands of users; 1 gigabit per secondcan be offered simultaneously to tens of workers on the same officefloor; several hundreds of thousands of simultaneous connections can besupported for massive sensor deployments; spectral efficiency can beenhanced compared to 4G; improved coverage; enhanced signalingefficiency; and reduced latency compared to LTE. In multicarrier systemsuch as OFDM, each subcarrier can occupy bandwidth (e.g., subcarrierspacing). If the carriers use the same bandwidth spacing, then it can beconsidered a single numerology. However, if the carriers occupydifferent bandwidth and/or spacing, then it can be considered a multiplenumerology.

Due to the expected larger bandwidth available for NR compared to LTE(e.g. mmWave spectrum) along with the native deployment of MIMO ormulti-beam systems in NR, integrated access and backhaul links can bedeveloped and deployed. This can allow for deployment of a dense networkof self-backhauled NR cells in an integrated manner by building uponcontrol and data channels/procedures defined for providing access toUEs. An example illustration of a network with such integrated accessand backhaul links can comprise a relay node (Relay DU) that canmultiplex access and backhaul links in time, frequency, or space (e.g.beam-based operation).

While an integrated access backhaul (IAB) can be deployed in astandalone architecture where the access UEs and relay DUs receive bothcontrol and data bearers on NR, it is also possible to support IABoperation under a non-standalone (NSA) architecture where the controlplane signalling is sent over LTE or another NR anchor carrier (e.g.,sub6-GHz).

In an exemplary protocol stack structure for an IAB node, if thebackhaul links carrying relay traffic (Ur) are based on the samechannels and protocols as the access links carrying user data traffic(Uu), then it is possible to construct the IAB node as containing twoparallel protocol stacks, one containing a UE function or also called amobile termination (MT) function, which provides connectivity betweenthe IAB node and a lower order IAB node or donor node which has a wiredconnection to the core network. The other IAB node functionality can bethe gNode B (gNB) function or distributed unit (Du) function, which canprovide connectivity between the IAB node and a higher order IAB node oraccess UEs.

In order to route the relay data traffic within the IAB node, in oneexample, an adaptation layer can be inserted above a radio link control(RLC) of both the UE and gNB functions of the IAB node. In otherexamples the adaptation layer can be inserted above the medium accesscontrol (MAC) and packet data control protocol (PDCP) layers. Inaddition to data routing, the IAB node can manage the control planesignalling and configurations for both the UE and gNB functions. Anexample control plan signalling for the UE function can involve a radioresource control (RRC) and an F1 interface and operations administrationand maintenance (OAM) for the gNB function. This coordination can beperformed internally in the IAB node by an IAB control (IAB-C)interface.

The control plane configuration of the UE and gNB functions can beperformed at the parent IAB node if it is a donor gNB, or it can beforwarded from the parent IAB node across one or more backhaul link hopsfrom a central configuration entity or entities (e.g., at the gNBcentral-unit (CU) or RAN/OAM controller).

This disclosure describes the functionality of the IAB control interfacefor configuring radio resource management (RRM) measurements and reportsfor IAB nodes. The IAB nodes can multiplex the access and backhaul linksin time, frequency, or space (e.g. beam-based operation), which cancomprise the transmission of signals and/or channels utilized as part ofinitial access and measurements used for radio resource management. Thesame physical layer signals and channels used for these purposes byaccess UEs can be reused for performing similar procedures at the IABnode. However, the IAB nodes can have both gNB functionality as well asUE functionality. Thus, the IAB node gNB function can transmit signalsand channels used for initial access and/or radio resource management(RRM) as well as receive reports from connected devices, which can beboth access UEs and higher order IAB nodes. At the same time, due to thehierarchical topology used for IAB, the UE function of the IAB node canperform measurements and send measurement reports to higher order parentnodes (e.g., IAB nodes or donor nodes). Thus, a common framework can beused for the RRM configuration for IAB nodes.

Due to a half-duplexing constraint, IAB nodes can: 1) receive on theaccess link and/or backhaul link at any given time, and 2) transmit onthe access link and/or backhaul link at any given time. As a result,while the same physical signals can be used for both UE and IAB nodes.Different configurations of the resources and/or transmission period(s)of the signals used for initial access for access UEs and IAB nodes canbe used. In addition, since the UE functionality for IAB nodes is notfully identical with access UEs (e.g. optimized physical layerparameters, support for control plane messaging related to relayroute/topology management), the network should be able to identify whichUEs performing initial access are normal access UEs or IAB nodes with UEfunctionality. Also, the parameters configuring RRM operation at the IABnode gNB function can consider the half-duplex constraint imposed by theUE function and can also take into account hop order and othertopology/route management functionalities.

During an initial configuration with the network, the IAB node UEfunction can perform initial access procedures (e.g., synchronizationsignal detection and random access procedure) to connect to one orpotentially multiple parent IAB nodes. In one example, parameters forinitial access such as one or more cell IDs of parent nodes,synchronization signal block (SSB) indices, synchronization measurementtiming configurations (SMTC), and other parameters can be preconfiguredor signalled by an anchor carrier (e.g., LTE). However, it can bebeneficial for the IAB nodes to support self-discovery of IAB parentnodes and become integrated into the network topology without the needfor planning or pre-configuration. In this case, the IAB nodes canperform blind detection of the SSBs upon initial power-up. Once the IABnode UE function is connected to the network (e.g. in RRC connectedmode), the network can provide an updated measurement configuration orSMTC for the IAB node UE, which can comprise the timing of SSBtransmissions (including periodicity) and/or a list of SSB indices(e.g., bitmap) that the UE can utilize for performing RRM measurements,which can be used for topology/route management or mobility in case ofmobile relay node operations.

When a receiving node is configured with a non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RSresource set configured with repetition ‘on’, the receiving node canmeasure on the same transmission beam (e.g., transmission beam with thesame spatial transmission filter) sent over multiple orthogonalfrequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols. For the purposes ofreception beam selection and measurement, the beams at the receivingnode can be grouped into subsets, in a tree structure format, whereaseach group can comprise multiple subgroups. The grouping can correspond,for example, to different antenna panels, and/or different effectiveangle directions, such that the sum of all groups constitute theentirety of the beams to be swept. The grouping can have multiplegranularities (e.g., 2 groups, 4 groups, etc.). The grouping can alsocorrespond to different beam widths (e.g., narrow vs. wide beams),reference signal associations (e.g., SSB or NZP-CSI-RS resourceconfiguration), transmission source/quasi-colocation (QCL) (e.g. group 1corresponds to TRP transmission point (TRP 1/Cell 1/DU 1, group 2corresponds to TRP2/Cell 2/DU 2 depending on the multi-TRP, or amulti-connectivity option used by the network), and/or interferencehypotheses (e.g. each group corresponds to a different set ofinterfering nodes).

In one embodiment, the receiver can report on the group that the bestreception beam corresponds to an information element indicating thegroup. This procedure can be performed via the following steps: 1) thereceiving node sweeps the receiving beam groups following a beammanagement procedure; 2) when the UE finds the best receiving beam, theUE can send an indication to the network of the subset restriction orthe group associated with the strongest receiving beam, wherein theindication can be in the form of an information bit indicating the group(e.g., 1 bit to indicate group 1 or group 2), and wherein thedetermination of the best receiving beam can be based on a referencesignal received power (RSRP) or a metric that takes interference intoaccount (e.g., signal interference to noise ratio (SINR), referencesignal received quality (RSRQ)) to mitigate the effect of cross linkinterference; 3) the receiving node can report on the reception beamgroup restriction that the best receiving beam belongs to a new reportconfiguration that is configured for a repetition ‘on’ beam managementprocedure, along with a SINR report, if needed; 4) when the networktriggers a new beam management procedure, receiving beam sweeping (e.g.,NZP-CSI-RS resource set with repetition ‘on’) can be performed followingthe indication from the receiver of the receiving beam group, thusminimizing the overhead for receiving beam alignment, wherein thenetwork can also maintain a memory of the previous receiving beam groupreports, such that the repetition is done for a receiving beam subsetchosen based on a predictive metric that takes into account the mostrecent report, in addition to the past report trends, and wherein theenetwork can also choose to perform the beam sweeping based on a largergroup size or different group/subset; and 5) within the group indicatedby the network, the receiver can report on a subgroup, so that thereceiving beams are further restricted, thus increasing granularity,wherein the subgroup reporting, given the group indicated by thenetwork, can be differential, resulting in a very small feedbackoverhead (e.g., 1 bit reporting); and wherein the subgroup reporting canbe indicated in a new report.

In another embodiment, the receiver can feed back the repetition orderto the network, such that the repetition order can indicate how manyOFDM symbols the network needs to transmit with repetition ‘on’. Forexample, if the receiver has 4 receiving beams, then the repetitionorder needed to sweep all the beams is 4, if the beams are grouped into2 subgroups of 2, and the receiver indicates a repetition order of 2,then only 2 OFDM symbols are needed perform beam sweeping for aparticular subgroup. The following steps describe the procedure withrepetition order feedback: 1) the receiving node can sweep the receivingbeam groups following a normal beam management procedure; 2) when the UEfinds the best receiving beam, the UE can send an indication to thenetwork of the subset restriction or the subgroup that it found to havethe strongest receiving beam, wherein this indication can also be in theform of a repetition order, indicating to the base station the number ofOFDM symbols repetition ‘on’ needs to be performed for, and wherein thedetermination of the best receiving beam can be based on RSRP or ametric that takes interference into account (SINR, RSRQ) to mitigate theeffect of cross link interference; 3) the receiving node can report onthe receiving beam group restriction that the best receive beam belongsto a new report configuration that is configured for the repetition ‘on’beam management procedure, along with a SINR report; and 4) when thenetwork triggers a new beam management procedure, receiving beamsweeping (e.g., NZP-CSI-RS resource set with repetition ‘on’) can beperformed following the indication from the receiver on the Rx beamsubset, thus minimizing the overhead of receiving beam alignment,wherein the network can also maintain a memory of the previous receivingbeam group reports, such that the repetition is performed for areception beam subset chosen based on a predictive metric that takesinto account the most recent report, in addition to the past reporttrends, and wherein the network can also choose to do the beam sweepingbased on a larger repetition order.

In one embodiment, described herein is a method comprising identifying,by a wireless network device comprising a processor, reception beams ofa network based on a mobile device function. In response to theidentifying the reception beams, the method can comprise determining, bythe wireless network device, a group of the reception beams, fewer thanthe reception beams, of the network based on a quality of the group ofthe reception beams. In response to the identifying the group of thereception beams, the method can comprise sending, by the wirelessnetwork device, to a gNodeB function, an indication of the group of thereception beams to the network. In response to the sending theindication of the group of the reception beams, the method can compriseinitiating, by the wireless network device, a transmission beamalignment associated with the gNodeB function.

According to another embodiment, a system can facilitate identifying asignal based on a quality associated with the signal of signals of awireless network. In response to the identifying the signal, the systemcan comprise sending a first indication representative of the signal toa network device of the wireless network. In response to the sending thefirst indication of the signal, the system can comprise generating asecond indication that the signal is to be used for a transmissionbetween a transmission device of the wireless network and a receptiondevice of the wireless network.

In yet another embodiment, described herein is a machine-readable mediumthat can perform the operations comprising identifying first signals ofa group of signals and second signals of the group of signals, whereinthe first signals are different than the second signals. In response tothe identifying the first signals and the second signals, themachine-readable medium can perform the operations comprisingdetermining that the first signals are associated with a first qualityand the second signals are associated with a second quality, wherein thefirst quality is greater than the second quality. Based on the firstquality being determined to be greater than the second quality, themachine-readable medium can perform the operations comprising sending,an indication of the first signals and initiating a transmission signalalignment in response to the sending the indication of the firstsignals.

These and other embodiments or implementations are described in moredetail below with reference to the drawings.

Referring now to FIG. 1, illustrated is an example wirelesscommunication system 100 in accordance with various aspects andembodiments of the subject disclosure. In one or more embodiments,system 100 can comprise one or more user equipment UEs 102. Thenon-limiting term user equipment can refer to any type of device thatcan communicate with a network node in a cellular or mobilecommunication system. A UE can have one or more antenna panels havingvertical and horizontal elements. Examples of a UE comprise a targetdevice, device to device (D2D) UE, machine type UE or UE capable ofmachine to machine (M2M) communications, personal digital assistant(PDA), tablet, mobile terminals, smart phone, laptop mounted equipment(LME), universal serial bus (USB) dongles enabled for mobilecommunications, a computer having mobile capabilities, a mobile devicesuch as cellular phone, a laptop having laptop embedded equipment (LEE,such as a mobile broadband adapter), a tablet computer having a mobilebroadband adapter, a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) device, aheads-up display (HUD) device, a smart car, a machine-type communication(MTC) device, and the like. User equipment UE 102 can also comprise IOTdevices that communicate wirelessly.

In various embodiments, system 100 is or comprises a wirelesscommunication network serviced by one or more wireless communicationnetwork providers. In example embodiments, a UE 102 can becommunicatively coupled to the wireless communication network via anetwork node 104. The network node (e.g., network node device) cancommunicate with user equipment (UE), thus providing connectivitybetween the UE and the wider cellular network. The UE 102 can sendtransmission type recommendation data to the network node 104. Thetransmission type recommendation data can comprise a recommendation totransmit data via a closed loop MIMO mode and/or a rank-1 precoder mode.

A network node can have a cabinet and other protected enclosures, anantenna mast, and multiple antennas for performing various transmissionoperations (e.g., MIMO operations). Network nodes can serve severalcells, also called sectors, depending on the configuration and type ofantenna. In example embodiments, the UE 102 can send and/or receivecommunication data via a wireless link to the network node 104. Thedashed arrow lines from the network node 104 to the UE 102 representdownlink (DL) communications and the solid arrow lines from the UE 102to the network nodes 104 represents an uplink (UL) communication.

System 100 can further include one or more communication serviceprovider networks 106 that facilitate providing wireless communicationservices to various UEs, including UE 102, via the network node 104and/or various additional network devices (not shown) included in theone or more communication service provider networks 106. The one or morecommunication service provider networks 106 can include various types ofdisparate networks, including but not limited to: cellular networks,femto networks, picocell networks, microcell networks, internet protocol(IP) networks Wi-Fi service networks, broadband service network,enterprise networks, cloud based networks, and the like. For example, inat least one implementation, system 100 can be or include a large scalewireless communication network that spans various geographic areas.According to this implementation, the one or more communication serviceprovider networks 106 can be or include the wireless communicationnetwork and/or various additional devices and components of the wirelesscommunication network (e.g., additional network devices and cell,additional UEs, network server devices, etc.). The network node 104 canbe connected to the one or more communication service provider networks106 via one or more backhaul links 108. For example, the one or morebackhaul links 108 can comprise wired link components, such as a T1/E1phone line, a digital subscriber line (DSL) (e.g., either synchronous orasynchronous), an asymmetric DSL (ADSL), an optical fiber backbone, acoaxial cable, and the like. The one or more backhaul links 108 can alsoinclude wireless link components, such as but not limited to,line-of-sight (LOS) or non-LOS links which can include terrestrialair-interfaces or deep space links (e.g., satellite communication linksfor navigation).

Wireless communication system 100 can employ various cellular systems,technologies, and modulation modes to facilitate wireless radiocommunications between devices (e.g., the UE 102 and the network node104). While example embodiments might be described for 5G new radio (NR)systems, the embodiments can be applicable to any radio accesstechnology (RAT) or multi-RAT system where the UE operates usingmultiple carriers e.g. LTE FDD/TDD, GSM/GERAN, CDMA2000 etc.

For example, system 100 can operate in accordance with global system formobile communications (GSM), universal mobile telecommunications service(UMTS), long term evolution (LTE), LTE frequency division duplexing (LTEFDD, LTE time division duplexing (TDD), high speed packet access (HSPA),code division multiple access (CDMA), wideband CDMA (WCMDA), CDMA2000,time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access(FDMA), multi-carrier code division multiple access (MC-CDMA),single-carrier code division multiple access (SC-CDMA), single-carrierFDMA (SC-FDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM),discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-spread OFDM) single carrierFDMA (SC-FDMA), Filter bank based multi-carrier (FBMC), zero tailDFT-spread-OFDM (ZT DFT-s-OFDM), generalized frequency divisionmultiplexing (GFDM), fixed mobile convergence (FMC), universal fixedmobile convergence (UFMC), unique word OFDM (UW-OFDM), unique wordDFT-spread OFDM (UW DFT-Spread-OFDM), cyclic prefix OFDM CP-OFDM,resource-block-filtered OFDM, Wi Fi, WLAN, WiMax, and the like. However,various features and functionalities of system 100 are particularlydescribed wherein the devices (e.g., the UEs 102 and the network device104) of system 100 are configured to communicate wireless signals usingone or more multi carrier modulation schemes, wherein data symbols canbe transmitted simultaneously over multiple frequency subcarriers (e.g.,OFDM, CP-OFDM, DFT-spread OFMD, UFMC, FMBC, etc.). The embodiments areapplicable to single carrier as well as to multicarrier (MC) or carrieraggregation (CA) operation of the UE. The term carrier aggregation (CA)is also called (e.g. interchangeably called) “multi-carrier system”,“multi-cell operation”, “multi-carrier operation”, “multi-carrier”transmission and/or reception. Note that some embodiments are alsoapplicable for Multi RAB (radio bearers) on some carriers (that is dataplus speech is simultaneously scheduled).

In various embodiments, system 100 can be configured to provide andemploy 5G wireless networking features and functionalities. 5G wirelesscommunication networks are expected to fulfill the demand ofexponentially increasing data traffic and to allow people and machinesto enjoy gigabit data rates with virtually zero latency. Compared to 4G,5G supports more diverse traffic scenarios. For example, in addition tothe various types of data communication between conventional UEs (e.g.,phones, smartphones, tablets, PCs, televisions, Internet enabledtelevisions, etc.) supported by 4G networks, 5G networks can be employedto support data communication between smart cars in association withdriverless car environments, as well as machine type communications(MTCs). Considering the drastic different communication needs of thesedifferent traffic scenarios, the ability to dynamically configurewaveform parameters based on traffic scenarios while retaining thebenefits of multi carrier modulation schemes (e.g., OFDM and relatedschemes) can provide a significant contribution to the highspeed/capacity and low latency demands of 5G networks. With waveformsthat split the bandwidth into several sub-bands, different types ofservices can be accommodated in different sub-bands with the mostsuitable waveform and numerology, leading to an improved spectrumutilization for 5G networks.

To meet the demand for data centric applications, features of proposed5G networks may comprise: increased peak bit rate (e.g., 20 Gbps),larger data volume per unit area (e.g., high system spectralefficiency—for example about 3.5 times that of spectral efficiency oflong term evolution (LTE) systems), high capacity that allows moredevice connectivity both concurrently and instantaneously, lowerbattery/power consumption (which reduces energy and consumption costs),better connectivity regardless of the geographic region in which a useris located, a larger numbers of devices, lower infrastructuraldevelopment costs, and higher reliability of the communications. Thus,5G networks may allow for: data rates of several tens of megabits persecond should be supported for tens of thousands of users, 1 gigabit persecond to be offered simultaneously to tens of workers on the sameoffice floor, for example; several hundreds of thousands of simultaneousconnections to be supported for massive sensor deployments; improvedcoverage, enhanced signaling efficiency; reduced latency compared toLTE.

The upcoming 5G access network may utilize higher frequencies (e.g., >6GHz) to aid in increasing capacity. Currently, much of the millimeterwave (mmWave) spectrum, the band of spectrum between 30 gigahertz (Ghz)and 300 Ghz is underutilized. The millimeter waves have shorterwavelengths that range from 10 millimeters to 1 millimeter, and thesemmWave signals experience severe path loss, penetration loss, andfading. However, the shorter wavelength at mmWave frequencies alsoallows more antennas to be packed in the same physical dimension, whichallows for large-scale spatial multiplexing and highly directionalbeamforming.

Performance can be improved if both the transmitter and the receiver areequipped with multiple antennas. Multi-antenna techniques cansignificantly increase the data rates and reliability of a wirelesscommunication system. The use of multiple input multiple output (MIMO)techniques, which was introduced in the third-generation partnershipproject (3GPP) and has been in use (including with LTE), is amulti-antenna technique that can improve the spectral efficiency oftransmissions, thereby significantly boosting the overall data carryingcapacity of wireless systems. The use of multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) techniques can improve mmWave communications, and has been widelyrecognized a potentially important component for access networksoperating in higher frequencies. MIMO can be used for achievingdiversity gain, spatial multiplexing gain and beamforming gain. Forthese reasons, MIMO systems are an important part of the 3rd and 4thgeneration wireless systems, and are planned for use in 5G systems.

Referring now to FIG. 2, illustrated is an example schematic systemblock diagram of a message sequence chart between a network node anduser equipment according to one or more embodiments. FIG. 2 depicts amessage sequence chart for downlink data transfer in 5G systems 200. Thenetwork node 104 can transmit reference signals to a user equipment (UE)102. The reference signals can be cell specific and/or user equipment102 specific in relation to a profile of the user equipment 102 or sometype of mobile identifier. From the reference signals, the userequipment 102 can compute channel state information (CSI) and computeparameters needed for a CSI report at block 202. The CSI report cancomprise: a channel quality indicator (CQI), a pre-coding matrix index(PMI), rank information (RI), a CSI-resource indicator (e.g., CRI thesame as beam indicator), etc.

The user equipment 102 can then transmit the CSI report to the networknode 104 via a feedback channel either on request from the network node104, a-periodically, and/or periodically. A network scheduler canleverage the CSI report to determine downlink transmission schedulingparameters at 204, which are particular to the user equipment 102. Thescheduling parameters 204 can comprise modulation and coding schemes(MCS), power, physical resource blocks (PRBs), etc. FIG. 2 depicts thephysical layer signaling where the density change can be reported forthe physical layer signaling or as a part of the radio resource control(RRC) signaling. In the physical layer, the density can be adjusted bythe network node 104 and then sent over to the user equipment 102 as apart of the downlink control channel data. The network node 104 cantransmit the scheduling parameters, comprising the adjusted densities,to the user equipment 102 via the downlink control channel. Thereafterand/or simultaneously, data can be transferred, via a data trafficchannel, from the network node 104 to the user equipment 102.

Referring now to FIG. 3, illustrated is an example schematic systemblock diagram of integrated access and backhaul links according to oneor more embodiments. For example, the network 300, as represented inFIG. 3 with integrated access and backhaul links, can allow a relay nodeto multiplex access and backhaul links in time, frequency, and/or space(e.g. beam-based operation). Thus, FIG. 3 illustrates a generic IABset-up comprising a core network 302, a centralized unit 304, a donordistributed unit 306, a relay distributed unit 308, and UEs 1021, 1022,1023. The donor distributed unit 306 (e.g., access point) can have awired backhaul with a protocol stack and can relay the user traffic forthe UEs 1021, 1022, 1023 across the IAB and backhaul link. Then therelay distributed unit 308 can take the backhaul link and convert itinto different strains for the connected UEs 1021, 1022, 1023. AlthoughFIG. 3 depicts a single hop (e.g., over the air), it should be notedthat multiple backhaul hops can occur in other embodiments.

The relays can have the same type of distributed unit structure that thegNode B has. For 5G, the protocol stack can be split, where some of thestack is centralized. For example, the PDCP layer and above can be atthe centralized unit 304, but in a real time application part of theprotocol stack, the RLC, the MAC, and the PHY can be co-located with thebase station wherein the system can comprise an F1 interface. In orderto add relaying, the F1 interface can be wireless so that the samestructure of the donor distributed unit 306 can be kept.

Referring now to FIG. 4, illustrated is an example schematic systemblock diagram of an integrated access backhaul (IAB) node 400 protocolstack according to one or more embodiments. If the backhaul linkscarrying relay links (Ur) are based on the same channels and protocol asthe access links carrying user data traffic (Uu), then the IAB node 400can receive relay links (Ur) in the same manner that a UE receives andprocesses relay links. For example, the data traffic from the UEfunction 404 can transition up to the adaption layer 408 and thentransition down to the gNode B function 406 of the IAB node 400. Fromthere the data can be sent to another user or to another backhaul nodeif there are additional hops. The UE function 404 can provideconnectivity between the IAB node 400 and a lower IAB node or donornode, which has a wired connection to the core network. The gNode Bfunction 406 (e.g., distributed unit function) can provide connectivitybetween the IAB node 400 and a higher order IAB node or access UEs. Withreference to FIG. 3, The IAB node 400 protocol stack can be between thedonor distributed unit 306 and the relay distributed unit 308. An IABcontrol interference 402 can be introduced because the UE function 404can be configured by the network and typically uses RRC signaling forthe configuration. However, the gNode B function 406 (relay distributedunit 308) can be controlled by the F1/OAM. Thus, a separate protocolstack can be leveraged for the gNode B function 406 and the IAB controlinterface 402 can connect the UE function 404 to the gNode B function406 to can coordinate radio resources.

The IAB node 400 can comprise many antennas, akin to that of a DU fortransmission and reception. An equal number of antennas at thetransmitter and the receiver in an integrated access and backhaulnetwork can allow a plethora of massive MIMO functionality that may notbe possible with a gNB to UE access link.

Beam management procedures can acquire and maintain a set oftransmission and/or reception beams that can be used for downlink and/oruplink transmission and/or reception. Beam management can be used inmmWave systems where channels can suffer from a blockage effect due tosmaller wavelengths and/or objects around a user, including the user'sbody. The narrower beamforming of NR also makes this effect moreobvious.

Receiver beamforming can be used to overcome the blockage effect (e.g.,reduce user self-blockage). This principle can comprise switchingreceiver antenna weighting factors to adjust the effective receivingangle. Based on the aforementioned data, the UE can adaptively find thepropagation path, which is blocked and then adapt to a separatepropagation path. To assist the UE in identifying the signal qualityfrom different reception beams, a receiver beam training procedure isintroduced. The receiver beam training procedure can also be calledCSI-RS transmission with repetition ‘ON’. The receiver beam trainingprocedure can repeat CSI-RS transmissions from the same transmissionbeam multiple times so the UE receiver can sweep the IAB node 400receiver beam to find the best one.

Referring now to FIG. 5 illustrates an example flow diagram for a methodfor facilitation of signal alignment. At element 500, a method cancomprise identifying (e.g., via the IAB node 400) reception beams of anetwork based on a mobile device function (e.g., UE function 404). Inresponse to the identifying the reception beams, at element 502, themethod can comprise determining (e.g., via the IAB node 400) a group ofthe reception beams, fewer than the reception beams, of the networkbased on a quality of the group of the reception beams. In response tothe identifying the group of the reception beams, at element 504, themethod can comprise sending (e.g., via the IAB node 400), to a gNodeBfunction 406, an indication of the group of the reception beams to thenetwork. Additionally, in response to the sending the indication of thegroup of the reception beams, at element 506, the method can compriseinitiating (e.g., via the IAB node 400) a transmission beam alignmentassociated with the gNodeB function 406.

Referring now to FIG. 6, illustrates an example flow diagram for amethod for facilitation of signal alignment. At element 600, a methodcan comprise identifying (e.g., via the IAB node 400) reception beams ofa network based on a mobile device function (e.g., UE function 404). Inresponse to the identifying the reception beams, at element 602, themethod can comprise determining (e.g., via the IAB node 400) a group ofthe reception beams, fewer than the reception beams, of the networkbased on a quality of the group of the reception beams. In response tothe identifying the group of the reception beams, at element 604, themethod can comprise sending (e.g., via the IAB node 400), to a gNodeBfunction 406, an indication of the group of the reception beams to thenetwork. Additionally, in response to the sending the indication of thegroup of the reception beams, at element 606, the method can compriseinitiating (e.g., via the IAB node 400) a transmission beam alignmentassociated with the gNodeB function 406. Furthermore, at element 608,based on the identifying the group of the reception beams and predictivedata representative of a prediction, repeating (e.g., via the IAB node400) a transmission from the gNodeB function 406 to the mobile devicefunction (e.g., UE function 404).

Referring now to FIG. 7, illustrates an example flow diagram for asystem for facilitation of signal alignment. At element 700, a systemcan facilitate identifying (e.g., via the IAB node 400) a signal basedon a quality associated with the signal of signals of a wirelessnetwork. In response to the identifying the signal, at element 702, thesystem can comprise sending (e.g., via the IAB node 400) a firstindication representative of the signal to a network device of thewireless network. In response to the sending the first indication of thesignal, at element 704, the system can comprise generating (e.g., viathe IAB node 400) a second indication that the signal is to be used fora transmission between a transmission device of the wireless network anda reception device of the wireless network.

Referring now to FIG. 8, illustrates an example flow diagram for asystem for facilitation of signal alignment. At element 800, a systemcan facilitate identifying (e.g., via the IAB node 400) a signal basedon a quality associated with the signal of signals of a wirelessnetwork. In response to the identifying the signal, at element 802, thesystem can comprise sending (e.g., via the IAB node 400) a firstindication representative of the signal to a network device of thewireless network. In response to the sending the first indication of thesignal, at element 804, the system can comprise generating (e.g., viathe IAB node 400) a second indication that the signal is to be used fora transmission between a transmission device of the wireless network anda reception device of the wireless network. Furthermore, at element 804,the identifying the signal is based on identifying a correspondingtransmission device.

Referring now to FIG. 9, illustrates an example flow diagram for amachine-readable medium for facilitation of signal alignment. At element900, a machine-readable medium can perform the operations comprisingidentifying (e.g., via the IAB node 400) first signals of a group ofsignals and second signals of the group of signals, wherein the firstsignals are different than the second signals. In response to theidentifying the first signals and the second signals, at element 902 themachine-readable medium can perform the operations comprisingdetermining (e.g., via the IAB node 400) that the first signals areassociated with a first quality and the second signals are associatedwith a second quality, wherein the first quality is greater than thesecond quality. Based on the first quality being determined to begreater than the second quality, at element 904 the machine-readablemedium can perform the operations comprising sending (e.g., via the IABnode 400), an indication of the first signals and initiating atransmission signal alignment in response to the sending the indicationof the first signals.

Referring now to FIG. 10, illustrates an example flow diagram for amachine-readable medium for facilitation of signal alignment. At element1000, a machine-readable medium can perform the operations comprisingidentifying (e.g., via the IAB node 400) first signals of a group ofsignals and second signals of the group of signals, wherein the firstsignals are different than the second signals. In response to theidentifying the first signals and the second signals, at element 1002the machine-readable medium can perform the operations comprisingdetermining (e.g., via the IAB node 400) that the first signals areassociated with a first quality and the second signals are associatedwith a second quality, wherein the first quality is greater than thesecond quality. Based on the first quality being determined to begreater than the second quality, at element 1004 the machine-readablemedium can perform the operations comprising sending (e.g., via the IABnode 400), an indication of the first signals and initiating atransmission signal alignment in response to the sending the indicationof the first signals. Additionally, at element 1006, themachine-readable medium can perform the operations comprising indicatingthat the second signals are to be used for the communication in responseto a second indication that the first quality has been determined tohave been reduced.

Referring now to FIG. 11, illustrated is a schematic block diagram of anexemplary end-user device such as a mobile device 1100 capable ofconnecting to a network in accordance with some embodiments describedherein. Although a mobile handset 1100 is illustrated herein, it will beunderstood that other devices can be a mobile device, and that themobile handset 1100 is merely illustrated to provide context for theembodiments of the various embodiments described herein. The followingdiscussion is intended to provide a brief, general description of anexample of a suitable environment 1100 in which the various embodimentscan be implemented. While the description includes a general context ofcomputer-executable instructions embodied on a machine-readable storagemedium, those skilled in the art will recognize that the innovation alsocan be implemented in combination with other program modules and/or as acombination of hardware and software.

Generally, applications (e.g., program modules) can include routines,programs, components, data structures, etc., that perform particulartasks or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, thoseskilled in the art will appreciate that the methods described herein canbe practiced with other system configurations, includingsingle-processor or multiprocessor systems, minicomputers, mainframecomputers, as well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices,microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, and the like,each of which can be operatively coupled to one or more associateddevices.

A computing device can typically include a variety of machine-readablemedia. Machine-readable media can be any available media that can beaccessed by the computer and includes both volatile and non-volatilemedia, removable and non-removable media. By way of example and notlimitation, computer-readable media can comprise computer storage mediaand communication media. Computer storage media can include volatileand/or non-volatile media, removable and/or non-removable mediaimplemented in any method or technology for storage of information, suchas computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules orother data. Computer storage media can include, but is not limited to,RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD ROM,digital video disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magneticcassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magneticstorage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store thedesired information and which can be accessed by the computer.

Communication media typically embodies computer-readable instructions,data structures, program modules or other data in a modulated datasignal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and includesany information delivery media. The term “modulated data signal” means asignal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed insuch a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example,and not limitation, communication media includes wired media such as awired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such asacoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media. Combinations of the anyof the above should also be included within the scope ofcomputer-readable media.

The handset 1100 includes a processor 1102 for controlling andprocessing all onboard operations and functions. A memory 1104interfaces to the processor 1102 for storage of data and one or moreapplications 1106 (e.g., a video player software, user feedbackcomponent software, etc.). Other applications can include voicerecognition of predetermined voice commands that facilitate initiationof the user feedback signals. The applications 1106 can be stored in thememory 1104 and/or in a firmware 1108, and executed by the processor1102 from either or both the memory 1104 or/and the firmware 1108. Thefirmware 1108 can also store startup code for execution in initializingthe handset 1100. A communications component 1110 interfaces to theprocessor 1102 to facilitate wired/wireless communication with externalsystems, e.g., cellular networks, VoIP networks, and so on. Here, thecommunications component 1110 can also include a suitable cellulartransceiver 1111 (e.g., a GSM transceiver) and/or an unlicensedtransceiver 1113 (e.g., Wi-Fi, WiMax) for corresponding signalcommunications. The handset 1100 can be a device such as a cellulartelephone, a PDA with mobile communications capabilities, andmessaging-centric devices. The communications component 1110 alsofacilitates communications reception from terrestrial radio networks(e.g., broadcast), digital satellite radio networks, and Internet-basedradio services networks.

The handset 1100 includes a display 1112 for displaying text, images,video, telephony functions (e.g., a Caller ID function), setupfunctions, and for user input. For example, the display 1112 can also bereferred to as a “screen” that can accommodate the presentation ofmultimedia content (e.g., music metadata, messages, wallpaper, graphics,etc.). The display 1112 can also display videos and can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A serial I/O interface1114 is provided in communication with the processor 1102 to facilitatewired and/or wireless serial communications (e.g., USB, and/or IEEE1394) through a hardwire connection, and other serial input devices(e.g., a keyboard, keypad, and mouse). This supports updating andtroubleshooting the handset 1100, for example. Audio capabilities areprovided with an audio I/O component 1116, which can include a speakerfor the output of audio signals related to, for example, indication thatthe user pressed the proper key or key combination to initiate the userfeedback signal. The audio I/O component 1116 also facilitates the inputof audio signals through a microphone to record data and/or telephonyvoice data, and for inputting voice signals for telephone conversations.

The handset 1100 can include a slot interface 1118 for accommodating aSIC (Subscriber Identity Component) in the form factor of a cardSubscriber Identity Module (SIM) or universal SIM 1120, and interfacingthe SIM card 1120 with the processor 1102. However, it is to beappreciated that the SIM card 1120 can be manufactured into the handset1100, and updated by downloading data and software.

The handset 1100 can process IP data traffic through the communicationcomponent 1110 to accommodate IP traffic from an IP network such as, forexample, the Internet, a corporate intranet, a home network, a personarea network, etc., through an ISP or broadband cable provider. Thus,VoIP traffic can be utilized by the handset 1100 and IP-based multimediacontent can be received in either an encoded or decoded format.

A video processing component 1122 (e.g., a camera) can be provided fordecoding encoded multimedia content. The video processing component 1122can aid in facilitating the generation, editing and sharing of videoquotes. The handset 1100 also includes a power source 1124 in the formof batteries and/or an AC power subsystem, which power source 1124 caninterface to an external power system or charging equipment (not shown)by a power I/O component 1126.

The handset 1100 can also include a video component 1130 for processingvideo content received and, for recording and transmitting videocontent. For example, the video component 1130 can facilitate thegeneration, editing and sharing of video quotes. A location trackingcomponent 1132 facilitates geographically locating the handset 1100. Asdescribed hereinabove, this can occur when the user initiates thefeedback signal automatically or manually. A user input component 1134facilitates the user initiating the quality feedback signal. The userinput component 1134 can also facilitate the generation, editing andsharing of video quotes. The user input component 1134 can include suchconventional input device technologies such as a keypad, keyboard,mouse, stylus pen, and/or touch screen, for example.

Referring again to the applications 1106, a hysteresis component 1136facilitates the analysis and processing of hysteresis data, which isutilized to determine when to associate with the access point. Asoftware trigger component 1138 can be provided that facilitatestriggering of the hysteresis component 1138 when the Wi-Fi transceiver1113 detects the beacon of the access point. A SIP client 1140 enablesthe handset 1100 to support SIP protocols and register the subscriberwith the SIP registrar server. The applications 1106 can also include aclient 1142 that provides at least the capability of discovery, play andstore of multimedia content, for example, music.

The handset 1100, as indicated above related to the communicationscomponent 810, includes an indoor network radio transceiver 1113 (e.g.,Wi-Fi transceiver). This function supports the indoor radio link, suchas IEEE 802.11, for the dual-mode GSM handset 1100. The handset 1100 canaccommodate at least satellite radio services through a handset that cancombine wireless voice and digital radio chipsets into a single handhelddevice.

Referring now to FIG. 12, there is illustrated a block diagram of acomputer 1200 operable to execute a system architecture that facilitatesestablishing a transaction between an entity and a third party. Thecomputer 1200 can provide networking and communication capabilitiesbetween a wired or wireless communication network and a server (e.g.,Microsoft server) and/or communication device. In order to provideadditional context for various aspects thereof, FIG. 12 and thefollowing discussion are intended to provide a brief, generaldescription of a suitable computing environment in which the variousaspects of the innovation can be implemented to facilitate theestablishment of a transaction between an entity and a third party.While the description above is in the general context ofcomputer-executable instructions that can run on one or more computers,those skilled in the art will recognize that the innovation also can beimplemented in combination with other program modules and/or as acombination of hardware and software.

Generally, program modules include routines, programs, components, datastructures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particularabstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciatethat the inventive methods can be practiced with other computer systemconfigurations, including single-processor or multiprocessor computersystems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, as well as personalcomputers, hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based orprogrammable consumer electronics, and the like, each of which can beoperatively coupled to one or more associated devices.

The illustrated aspects of the innovation can also be practiced indistributed computing environments where certain tasks are performed byremote processing devices that are linked through a communicationsnetwork. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can belocated in both local and remote memory storage devices.

Computing devices typically include a variety of media, which caninclude computer-readable storage media or communications media, whichtwo terms are used herein differently from one another as follows.

Computer-readable storage media can be any available storage media thatcan be accessed by the computer and includes both volatile andnonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example,and not limitation, computer-readable storage media can be implementedin connection with any method or technology for storage of informationsuch as computer-readable instructions, program modules, structureddata, or unstructured data. Computer-readable storage media can include,but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memorytechnology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical diskstorage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage orother magnetic storage devices, or other tangible and/or non-transitorymedia which can be used to store desired information. Computer-readablestorage media can be accessed by one or more local or remote computingdevices, e.g., via access requests, queries or other data retrievalprotocols, for a variety of operations with respect to the informationstored by the medium.

Communications media can embody computer-readable instructions, datastructures, program modules or other structured or unstructured data ina data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrier wave orother transport mechanism, and includes any information delivery ortransport media. The term “modulated data signal” or signals refers to asignal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed insuch a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By way ofexample, and not limitation, communication media include wired media,such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless mediasuch as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.

With reference to FIG. 12, implementing various aspects described hereinwith regards to the end-user device can include a computer 1200, thecomputer 1200 including a processing unit 1204, a system memory 1206 anda system bus 1208. The system bus 1208 couples system componentsincluding, but not limited to, the system memory 1206 to the processingunit 1204. The processing unit 1204 can be any of various commerciallyavailable processors. Dual microprocessors and other multi processorarchitectures can also be employed as the processing unit 1204.

The system bus 1208 can be any of several types of bus structure thatcan further interconnect to a memory bus (with or without a memorycontroller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety ofcommercially available bus architectures. The system memory 1206includes read-only memory (ROM) 1227 and random access memory (RAM)1212. A basic input/output system (BIOS) is stored in a non-volatilememory 1227 such as ROM, EPROM, EEPROM, which BIOS contains the basicroutines that help to transfer information between elements within thecomputer 1200, such as during start-up. The RAM 1212 can also include ahigh-speed RAM such as static RAM for caching data.

The computer 1200 further includes an internal hard disk drive (HDD)1214 (e.g., EIDE, SATA), which internal hard disk drive 1214 can also beconfigured for external use in a suitable chassis (not shown), amagnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 1216, (e.g., to read from or write to aremovable diskette 1218) and an optical disk drive 1220, (e.g., readinga CD-ROM disk 1222 or, to read from or write to other high capacityoptical media such as the DVD). The hard disk drive 1214, magnetic diskdrive 1216 and optical disk drive 1220 can be connected to the systembus 1208 by a hard disk drive interface 1224, a magnetic disk driveinterface 1226 and an optical drive interface 1228, respectively. Theinterface 1224 for external drive implementations includes at least oneor both of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and IEEE 1294 interfacetechnologies. Other external drive connection technologies are withincontemplation of the subject innovation.

The drives and their associated computer-readable media providenonvolatile storage of data, data structures, computer-executableinstructions, and so forth. For the computer 1200 the drives and mediaaccommodate the storage of any data in a suitable digital format.Although the description of computer-readable media above refers to aHDD, a removable magnetic diskette, and a removable optical media suchas a CD or DVD, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the artthat other types of media which are readable by a computer 1200, such aszip drives, magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, cartridges, and thelike, can also be used in the exemplary operating environment, andfurther, that any such media can contain computer-executableinstructions for performing the methods of the disclosed innovation.

A number of program modules can be stored in the drives and RAM 1212,including an operating system 1230, one or more application programs1232, other program modules 1234 and program data 1236. All or portionsof the operating system, applications, modules, and/or data can also becached in the RAM 1212. It is to be appreciated that the innovation canbe implemented with various commercially available operating systems orcombinations of operating systems.

A user can enter commands and information into the computer 1200 throughone or more wired/wireless input devices, e.g., a keyboard 1238 and apointing device, such as a mouse 1240. Other input devices (not shown)may include a microphone, an IR remote control, a joystick, a game pad,a stylus pen, touch screen, or the like. These and other input devicesare often connected to the processing unit 1204 through an input deviceinterface 1242 that is coupled to the system bus 1208, but can beconnected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, an IEEE 2394serial port, a game port, a USB port, an IR interface, etc.

A monitor 1244 or other type of display device is also connected to thesystem bus 1208 through an interface, such as a video adapter 1246. Inaddition to the monitor 1244, a computer 1200 typically includes otherperipheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers, printers, etc.

The computer 1200 can operate in a networked environment using logicalconnections by wired and/or wireless communications to one or moreremote computers, such as a remote computer(s) 1248. The remotecomputer(s) 1248 can be a workstation, a server computer, a router, apersonal computer, portable computer, microprocessor-based entertainmentdevice, a peer device or other common network node, and typicallyincludes many or all of the elements described relative to the computer,although, for purposes of brevity, only a memory/storage device 1250 isillustrated. The logical connections depicted include wired/wirelessconnectivity to a local area network (LAN) 1252 and/or larger networks,e.g., a wide area network (WAN) 1254. Such LAN and WAN networkingenvironments are commonplace in offices and companies, and facilitateenterprise-wide computer networks, such as intranets, all of which mayconnect to a global communications network, e.g., the Internet.

When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 1200 isconnected to the local network 1252 through a wired and/or wirelesscommunication network interface or adapter 1256. The adapter 1256 mayfacilitate wired or wireless communication to the LAN 1252, which mayalso include a wireless access point disposed thereon for communicatingwith the wireless adapter 1256.

When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 1200 can includea modem 1258, or is connected to a communications server on the WAN1254, or has other means for establishing communications over the WAN1254, such as by way of the Internet. The modem 1258, which can beinternal or external and a wired or wireless device, is connected to thesystem bus 1208 through the input device interface 1242. In a networkedenvironment, program modules depicted relative to the computer, orportions thereof, can be stored in the remote memory/storage device1250. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown areexemplary and other means of establishing a communications link betweenthe computers can be used.

The computer is operable to communicate with any wireless devices orentities operatively disposed in wireless communication, e.g., aprinter, scanner, desktop and/or portable computer, portable dataassistant, communications satellite, any piece of equipment or locationassociated with a wirelessly detectable tag (e.g., a kiosk, news stand,restroom), and telephone. This includes at least Wi-Fi and Bluetooth™wireless technologies. Thus, the communication can be a predefinedstructure as with a conventional network or simply an ad hoccommunication between at least two devices.

Wi-Fi, or Wireless Fidelity, allows connection to the Internet from acouch at home, a bed in a hotel room, or a conference room at work,without wires. Wi-Fi is a wireless technology similar to that used in acell phone that enables such devices, e.g., computers, to send andreceive data indoors and out; anywhere within the range of a basestation. Wi-Fi networks use radio technologies called IEEE 802.11 (a, b,g, etc.) to provide secure, reliable, fast wireless connectivity. AWi-Fi network can be used to connect computers to each other, to theInternet, and to wired networks (which use IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet).Wi-Fi networks operate in the unlicensed 2.4 and 5 GHz radio bands, atan 11 Mbps (802.11a) or 54 Mbps (802.11b) data rate, for example, orwith products that contain both bands (dual band), so the networks canprovide real-world performance similar to the basic 10BaseT wiredEthernet networks used in many offices.

In the presence of a large number of antennas, a receiver can beinefficient. Thus, having the ability to sweep a smaller subset of theantennas is beneficial for a quick establishment of transmitter/receiverbeam alignment. However, with dynamic time division duplexing (TDD), andin the presence of multiple hops in JAB, cross-link interference onaccess and backhaul links present a challenge and interferencemeasurement and management solutions to mitigate the interference isneeded. This disclosure proposed advantages over previous solutions thatenables fast transmitter/receiver beam alignment in the presence of alarge number of antennas at the receiver, takes into account the effectof cross link interference in choosing the right receiver beam at avictim node, allows the network to control the beam direction at thereceiving node by indicating a subset of the Rx beams to be swept, andenables efficient power and time savings and interference reduction inJAB nodes via coordination between the network and the receiving JABnode.

The above description of illustrated embodiments of the subjectdisclosure, including what is described in the Abstract, is not intendedto be exhaustive or to limit the disclosed embodiments to the preciseforms disclosed. While specific embodiments and examples are describedherein for illustrative purposes, various modifications are possiblethat are considered within the scope of such embodiments and examples,as those skilled in the relevant art can recognize.

In this regard, while the subject matter has been described herein inconnection with various embodiments and corresponding FIGs, whereapplicable, it is to be understood that other similar embodiments can beused or modifications and additions can be made to the describedembodiments for performing the same, similar, alternative, or substitutefunction of the disclosed subject matter without deviating therefrom.Therefore, the disclosed subject matter should not be limited to anysingle embodiment described herein, but rather should be construed inbreadth and scope in accordance with the appended claims below.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: based on a mobile devicefunction, identifying, by a wireless network device comprising aprocessor, reception beams of a network; in response to the identifyingthe reception beams, determining, by the wireless network device, agroup of the reception beams, fewer than the reception beams, of thenetwork based on a quality of the group of the reception beams; inresponse to the identifying the group of the reception beams, sending,by the wireless network device, to a gNodeB function, an indication ofthe group of the reception beams to the network; and in response to thesending the indication of the group of the reception beams, initiating,by the wireless network device, a transmission beam alignment associatedwith the gNodeB function.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein theidentifying the group of the reception beams is based on an antennapanel associated with the group of the reception beams.
 3. The method ofclaim 2, wherein the identifying the group of the reception beams isfurther based on a beam width associated with the group of the receptionbeams.
 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmission beam alignmentcomprises indicating, by the wireless network device, that the group ofthe reception beams are to be used for a communication.
 5. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the indication comprises a data bit indicating thegroup of the reception beams.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein thequality of the group of the reception beams is based on a signalinterference to noise ratio of the group of the reception beams.
 7. Themethod of claim 1, wherein the identifying the group of the receptionbeams is based on an interfering node device associated with a group ofwireless network devices.
 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising:based on the identifying the group of the reception beams and predictivedata representative of a prediction, repeating, by the wireless networkdevice, a transmission from the gNodeB function to the mobile devicefunction.
 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the group of the receptionbeams is a first group of the reception beams, and further comprising:identifying a second group of the reception beams, wherein the secondgroup of the reception beams is within the first group of the receptionbeams.
 10. A system, comprising: a processor; and a memory that storesexecutable instructions that, when executed by the processor, facilitateperformance of operations, comprising: based on a quality associatedwith a signal of signals of a wireless network, identifying the signal;in response to the identifying the signal, sending a first indicationrepresentative of the signal to a network device of the wirelessnetwork; and in response to the sending the first indication of thesignal, generating a second indication that the signal is to be used fora transmission between a transmission device of the wireless network anda reception device of the wireless network.
 11. The system of claim 10,wherein the identifying the signal is based on identifying acorresponding transmission device.
 12. The system of claim 10, whereinthe quality associated with the signal comprises a quality metricrepresentative of a reference signal received power.
 13. The system ofclaim 10, wherein the quality associated with the signal comprises aquality metric representative of a signal interference to noise ratio ofthe signal.
 14. The system of claim 10, wherein the generating thesecond indication is in response to a prediction of the system based ona previous signal of the signals.
 15. A machine-readable storage medium,comprising executable instructions that, when executed by a processor,facilitate performance of operations, comprising: identifying firstsignals of a group of signals and second signals of the group ofsignals, wherein the first signals are different than the secondsignals, in response to the identifying the first signals and the secondsignals, determining that the first signals are associated with a firstquality and the second signals are associated with a second quality,wherein the first quality is greater than the second quality; based onthe first quality being determined to be greater than the secondquality, sending, an indication of the first signals; and in response tothe sending the indication of the first signals, facilitating atransmission signal alignment.
 16. The machine-readable storage mediumof claim 15, wherein the transmission signal alignment comprisesindicating that the first signals are to be used for a communication.17. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 16, wherein theindication is a first indication, and wherein the operations furthercomprise: in response to a second indication that the first quality hasbeen determined to have been reduced, indicating that the second signalsare to be used for the communication.
 18. The machine-readable storagemedium of claim 17, wherein the second indication comprises a data bitindicating the second signals.
 19. The machine-readable storage mediumof claim 15, wherein the first quality is based on a signal interferenceto noise ratio.
 20. The machine-readable storage medium of claim 15,wherein the first indication comprises a data bit indicating the firstsignals.